Kernow: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Flag of Kernow.png|thumb|right|alt=The baner of St. Piran, the flag of Kernow.|The baner of St. Piran, the flag of Kernow.]] |
[[File:Flag of Kernow.png|thumb|right|alt=The baner of St. Piran, the flag of Kernow.|The baner of St. Piran, the flag of Kernow.]] |
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'''Kernow''' or '''Cornwall''' is a peninsula, a [[Celtic nations|Celtic |
'''Kernow''' or '''Cornwall''' is a peninsula, a [[Celtic nations|Celtic nation]], and a unitary authority of the United Kingdom.<ref>Kowethas Ertach Kernow, ''[https://www.cornwallheritage.com/cornwalls-heritage/kernow-a-celtic-nation/ Kernow a Celtic Nation]''. Accessed 13/03/24</ref> Geographically located in the south-west of the island of Great Britain, it is bordered by Devon in England to the east across the the [[River Tamar]] to the east. On all other sides, the peninsula is surrounded by sea, with the Celtic Sea to its north and west, and the British Sea or the Channel to its south. Kernow is home to the [[Cornish people]]. The capital of Kernow is [[Truro]]. |
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The recognised languages of Kernow are English and [[Kernewek]], with Kernewek being recognised by the UK as a minority language in 2002 through the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.<ref>Payton, Philip, ed. (2000). ''Cornwall For Ever! Kernow Bys Vykken!''. Penzance, Kernow: Cornwall Heritage Trust. p. 66. ISBN 0953870405.</ref> |
The recognised languages of Kernow are English and [[Kernewek]], with Kernewek being recognised by the UK as a minority language in 2002 through the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.<ref>Payton, Philip, ed. (2000). ''Cornwall For Ever! Kernow Bys Vykken!''. Penzance, Kernow: Cornwall Heritage Trust. p. 66. ISBN 0953870405.</ref> |
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Revision as of 04:45, 16 March 2024
Kernow or Cornwall is a peninsula, a Celtic nation, and a unitary authority of the United Kingdom.[1] Geographically located in the south-west of the island of Great Britain, it is bordered by Devon in England to the east across the the River Tamar to the east. On all other sides, the peninsula is surrounded by sea, with the Celtic Sea to its north and west, and the British Sea or the Channel to its south. Kernow is home to the Cornish people. The capital of Kernow is Truro.
The recognised languages of Kernow are English and Kernewek, with Kernewek being recognised by the UK as a minority language in 2002 through the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.[2]
Kernow is largely rural, with an area of 1,375 miles2 (3,562 km2). The 2021 census recorded the population of Kernow as 570,305 people.[3] The largest population centre in Kernow as of 2021 is Newquay, with 24,547 residents. Other large towns in order of size are St. Austell (24,375), Falmouth (24,071), Truro (23,047), Camborne (20,452), Bodmin (16,922) and Redruth (15,453).[3]
Kernow's motto is "onan hag oll", "one and all". Its colours are black and gold. The national symbol is the chough. The patron saint of Kernow is St. Piran.
Name
The name Kernow is from Kernewek, the Cornish language. It derives from Proto-Brythonic *Körnɨw and is cognate with the Breton Kernev, and Welsh Cernyw.
The English-language name Cornwall derives from the Old English compound Cornwēalas. "Corn-" originating from Proto-Celtic *karnu- meaning "horn" or "headland", the term being a cognate with the English word "horn" and Latin "cornu". The "-wall" suffix comes from the Old English exonym wealh "Celt", "Brython", "foreigner", or "slave".[4]
The region's Cornish-language name "Kernow", is one of most well known words in the language. Due "Cornwall" being an exonym, and perceptions of the "-wall" suffix having potential negative connotations of "foreigner" or "slave", there are some advocating to refer to the region by the endnyomic "Kernow" even while speaking English.[5]
History
Pre-History
The first evidence of people in Kernow is from the Palaeolithic period (c. 400,000-10,000BCE), including tools such as handaxes. During the Mesolithic (c. 10,000-4,000BCE), hunter-gatherers settled around the coastland as well as in the uplands. The Neolithic period (4,000-2,400BCE) was a time of great cultural and social developments: the spread of limited agriculture, the crafting of pottery and the building of megaliths. Fortified settlements, like Carn Brea, also appeared.
The Bronze Age (c. 2,400-600BCE) saw metalworking and the production of bronze tools, weapons and other items, making use of Kernow's natural tin and copper resources. The raising of monuments such as standing stones and stone circles was at its height during this time. Roundhouse villages were formed throughout Kernow and agriculture was universal.
The Iron Age (c. 600BCE-43CE) saw iron replace bronze in toolmaking. People lived in defended 'rounds', as well as building hillforts and cliff castles. The Common Brittonic language - which would later split into Kernewek, Welsh and Breton, as well as Cumbric and Pictish - appeared in Kernow during this period.
The pre-historic age ended in Kernow with the arrival of the Romans to Britain in 43CE.
References
- ↑ Kowethas Ertach Kernow, Kernow a Celtic Nation. Accessed 13/03/24
- ↑ Payton, Philip, ed. (2000). Cornwall For Ever! Kernow Bys Vykken!. Penzance, Kernow: Cornwall Heritage Trust. p. 66. ISBN 0953870405.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 City Population, Settlements in Cornwall. Accessed 13/03/24
- ↑ Cornwall Guide, Cornish History – Stone Age to Present Day. Accessed 16/03/24
- ↑ Sordya, Say Kernow - Lavar Kernow. Accessed 15/03/24